What is the difference between DIP, SMD, and COB lamp beads?

12 views admin 2025-05-09

LED is a semiconductor component that can emit visible light. As an energy-efficient, green and environmentally friendly light source, LED is widely used in information display, signal lights, automotive lamps, LCD screen backlights, general lighting and other fields. LED can emit single-color light such as red, green, and blue by controlling the luminous material and current, and can also display full-color display effects by mixing these basic colors. In addition, by controlling the current, LED can also present colors with different brightness and saturation. The emergence of LED has not only completely changed the pattern of the lighting field, but also played an increasingly important role in the display field.

1. The light-emitting principle of LED LED, the full name of which is Light Emitting Diode, is a solid-state semiconductor device that can directly convert electrical energy into light energy. The core of LED is a semiconductor chip, which is composed of P-type semiconductor and N-type semiconductor, which form a PN junction after contact. When the current acts on the chip through the wire, the electrons will be pushed to the P area, where the electrons and holes recombine and then emit energy in the form of photons. This is the principle of LED light emission.

2. Characteristics and advantages of LED LED has many significant characteristics and advantages, including: High efficiency and energy saving: The luminous efficiency of LED light source is much higher than that of traditional light sources, such as incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. Under the same lighting effect, LED can significantly reduce energy consumption. Long life: The service life of LED is much longer than that of traditional light sources, usually reaching tens of thousands of hours or even more than 100,000 hours, greatly reducing the cost of replacement and maintenance. Environmental protection: LED light source does not contain harmful substances such as mercury, and has little impact on the environment during production and use, which conforms to the modern green environmental protection concept. Fast response speed: The switching response time of LED is very short, usually at the microsecond level, which makes LED have great advantages in applications that require fast response. Rich colors: LED can emit light of various colors, including monochromatic light such as red, green, and blue, as well as various colored lights obtained through color mixing technology, which makes LED have broad application prospects in lighting, display and other fields.

3. Types of LEDs There are many common types of LEDs, which can be divided into many types according to different classification standards. (I) Classification by package form DIP type LED: full name Dual In-line Package LED, also known as plug-in LED. It is the earliest type of LED, with a square or round appearance, and is packaged with two pins, which can be connected by plugging directly into the circuit board. DIP type LED has high brightness and reliability, and is suitable for some special lighting scenarios, such as outdoor signs and indicator lights. SMD type LED: full name Surface Mount Device LED, also known as surface mount LED. Compared with DIP type LED, SMD type LED is smaller in size, higher in brightness, and has better luminous uniformity, so it is more widely used in the market. SMD type LED mainly has two types of package forms: square and round. COB type LED: full name Chip On Board LED, also known as integrated package LED. It uses multiple LED chips packaged on the same circuit board to form a high-brightness, high-light collection efficiency LED. Since COB LEDs are packaged on the same circuit board, they can achieve higher brightness and better luminous uniformity, and are suitable for large-area lighting, such as indoor commercial lighting and outdoor advertising light boxes.

(II) Classification by luminous color The luminous color of LEDs depends on the materials used. Common colors include yellow, green, red, orange, blue, purple, cyan, white, full color, etc. These different colored LEDs can be used in different occasions, such as indicator lights, display screens, lighting fixtures, etc.

(III) Classification by function Indicator LEDs: Mainly used for indicator lights of various electronic devices, such as computer hosts, mobile phones, remote controls, etc. This type of LED usually has a smaller size and lower power consumption. Lighting LEDs: Includes various LED lamps, such as LED bulbs, LED tubes, LED floodlights, etc. This type of LED has higher brightness and longer service life, and is widely used in indoor and outdoor lighting fields. Display LEDs: Mainly used for various display screens, such as LED display screens, LED dot matrix screens, etc. This type of LED can form various patterns and texts to achieve dynamic display effects.